Football perkumpulan, biasanya dikenal sebagai football atau sepakbola, adalah olahraga tim yang dimainkan di antara dua tim sebanyak 11 orang pemain. Adalah olahraga yang paling populer di dunia. Football adalah permainan bola yang dimainkan di atas rumput persegi empat atau bidang rerumputan buatan, dengan cita-cita di masing-masing akhir pendek. Objek permainan akan menggores dengan mengarahkan bola ke dalam cita-cita bertentangan. Di umum bermain, penjaga gawang adalah satu-satunya pemain yang boleh mempergunakan tangan atau persenjataan mereka untuk menggerakkan bola; sisa tim biasanya mempergunakan kaki mereka untuk menyepak bola ke dalam posisi, sekali-sekali mempergunakan batang tubuh atau kepala mereka untuk mencegat bola di mid udara. Tim yang menggores kebanyakan cita-cita menjelang akhir pertandingan menang. Jika angka terikat di akhir permainan, baik undian dinyatakan atau permainan menyelidiki waktu ekstra dan/atau hukuman shootout, bergantung pada format pertandingan.

Permainan modern tersusun di Inggris yang mengikuti pembentukan Perkumpulan Football, yang Undang-undangnya 1863 Permainan menimbulkan pondasi untuk cara olahraga dimainkan hari ini. Football dikuasai secara internasional oleh Fédération Internationale de Football Association (Federasi Internasional Football Perkumpulan), biasanya dikenal oleh akronim FIFA. The kebanyakan persaingan football internasional yang bergengsi adalah World Cup, yang diadakan tiap-tiap empat tahun.

Alam permainan:

Football dimainkan sesuai seset peraturan yang dikenal sebagai Undang-undang Permainan. Permainan dimainkan memakai satu bola bulat (football). Dua tim sebanyak sebelas orang pemain masing-masing bersaing untuk memasukkan bola ke yang lain team's cita-cita, thereby memasukkan gol. Tim yang sudah memasukkan lebih banyak gol di akhir permainan adalah pemenang; jika kedua tim sudah mendapat jumlah setara cita-cita lalu permainan adalah undian.

The primary rule is that players (other than goalkeepers) may not deliberately handle the ball with their hands or arms during play (though they do use their hands during a throw-in restart). Although players usually use their feet to move the ball around, they may use any part of their bodies other than their hands or arms.

In typical game play, players attempt create goalscoring opportunities through individual control of the ball, such as by dribbling, passing the ball to a team-mate, and by taking shots at the goal, which is guarded by the opposing goalkeeper. Opposing players may try to regain control of the ball by intercepting a pass or through tackling the opponent in possession of the ball; however, physical contact between opponents is restricted. Football is generally a free-flowing game, with play stopping only when the ball has left the field of play or when play is stopped by the referee. After a stoppage, play recommences with a specified restart.

At a professional level, most matches produce only a few goals. For example, the 2005–06 season of the English Premier League produced an average of 2.48 goals per match. The Laws of the Game do not specify any player positions other than goalkeeper, but a number of specialised roles have evolved. Broadly, these include three main categories: strikers, or forwards, whose main task is to score goals; defenders, who specialise in preventing their opponents from scoring; and midfielders, who dispossess the opposition and keep possession of the ball in order to pass it to the forwards. Players in these positions are referred to as outfield players, in order to discern them from the single goalkeeper. These positions are further subdivided according to the area of the field in which the player spends most time. For example, there are central defenders, and left and right midfielders. The ten outfield players may be arranged in any combination. The number of players in each position determines the style of the team's play; more forwards and fewer defenders creates a more aggressive and offensive-minded game, while the reverse creates a slower, more defensive style of play. While players typically spend most of the game in a specific position, there are few restrictions on player movement, and players can switch positions at any time. The layout of a team's players is known as a formation. Defining the team's formation and tactics is usually the prerogative of the team's manager.

Nature of the game:

Football is played in accordance with a set of rules known as the Laws of the Game. The game is played using a single round ball (the football). Two teams of eleven players each compete to get the ball into the other team's goal, thereby scoring a goal. The team that has scored more goals at the end of the game is the winner; if both teams have scored an equal number of goals then the game is a draw.

The primary rule is that players (other than goalkeepers) may not deliberately handle the ball with their hands or arms during play (though they do use their hands during a throw-in restart). Although players usually use their feet to move the ball around, they may use any part of their bodies other than their hands or arms. Football is popular among children as well as adults.

Laws of the game:

There are seventeen laws in the official Laws of the Game. The same Laws are designed to apply to all levels of football, although certain modifications for groups such as juniors, seniors or women are permitted. The laws are often framed in broad terms, which allow flexibility in their application depending on the nature of the game. In addition to the seventeen laws, numerous IFAB decisions and other directives contribute to the regulation of football. The Laws of the Game are published by FIFA, but are maintained by the International Football.

Pitch:

Standard pitch measurements (See Imperial version).

As the Laws were formulated in England, and were initially administered solely by the four British football associations within IFAB, the standard dimensions of a football pitch were originally expressed in imperial units. The Laws now express dimensions with approximate metric equivalents (followed by traditional units in brackets), though popular use tends to continue to use traditional units in English-speaking countries with a relatively recent history of metrification, such as Britain.

The length of the pitch for international adult matches is in the range 100–110 metres (110–120 yd) and the width is in the range 64–75 metres (70–80 yd). Fields for non-international matches may be 100–130 yards length and 50–100 yards in width, provided that the pitch does not become square. The longer boundary lines are touchlines or sidelines, while the shorter boundaries (on which the goals are placed) are goal lines. A rectangular goal is positioned at the middle of each goal line. The inner edges of the vertical goal posts must be 8 yards (7.32 m) apart, and the lower edge of the horizontal crossbar supported by the goal posts must be 8 feet (2.44 m) above the ground. Nets are usually placed behind the goal, but are not required by the Laws.

In front of each goal is an area known as the penalty area (colloquially "18-yard box" or simply "the box"). This area is marked by the goal-line, two lines starting on the goal-line 18 yards (16.5 m) from the goalposts and extending 18 yards (16 m) into the pitch perpendicular to the goal-line, and a line joining them. This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to mark where the goalkeeper may handle the ball and where a penal foul by a member of the defending team becomes punishable by a penalty kick. Other markings define the position of the ball or players at kick-offs, goal kicks, penalty kicks and corner kicks.

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